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C658W
UNDERGROUND: How The TUBE Shaped London (Live Webinar)PE, RA, AIA HSW

Jeffrey Syken

Great Britain may have had an empire upon which the sun never set in the 19th Century, but it would be hard to be convinced of its greatness if you lived or worked in the dirty, crowded, noxious crime-ridden capital: London. The principal city of the far-flung British Empire was concentrated in the City of London with the River Thames forming a north-south divide serving the “Pool of London” – at the time the greatest port in the world. Narrow streets teeming with people, horse carts/buses, wagons, cabs and even flocks of sheep made getting from one place to another an ordeal, to say the least. In the mid-1830s, the first suggestion of an underground railway was voiced, but nothing would happen for nearly twenty years.

Begun in 1825 by engineer Marc Brunel and completed in 1843 with the able assistance of his son Isambard Kingdom Brunel, the Thames Tunnel was the world’s first sub-aqueous tunnel joining Rotherhithe to Wapping on opposite shores of the Thames. Though it took eighteen years and a fortune to complete and served only pedestrians and horse-drawn carriages at first, it proved that despite the difficulties encountered, geographical obstacles like rivers could be overcome with tunnels (in 1869, the Thames Tunnel would become part of the East London Railway which linked Whitehall and New Cross). The stage was now set for a true underground railway to serve London. Conceived in 1851 and not completed until 1863, the Metropolitan Railway (a.k.a. “The Met”) would be the world’s first subterranean railway serving Paddington at its western-end and Faringdon Street at its eastern-end, with five stations in between.

The Met would be the world’s first true underground railway which Londoner’s labeled “The Tube” almost immediately (due to the cylindrical shape of the iron tunnels). It was served by “smokeless” condensing steam engines but even so, the atmosphere in the stations was less than pleasant. Despite its shortcomings, the public flocked to the Underground for relief from the overhead traffic. Additional lines would follow using deep tunneling techniques rather than the Met’s “cut and cover” technique (which caused terrible surface congestion). In 1890, the City & South London Railway introduced electric locomotives to the growing network. In the years that followed, existing lines would be expanded and new lines created. London Underground currently includes eleven lines, with 270 stations. The latest – the Crossrail project, will link Berkshire and Buckingham-shire via Greater London to Essex with 42 km (26 miles) of new tunnels. Though it’s no longer the largest and/or busiest “subway” system in the world, it was the first setting standards still followed (and admired) around the world.

This course includes a multiple-choice quiz at the end, which is designed to enhance the understanding of the course materials.


Note to Webinar Attendees:

Our live webinars (web seminars) are considered as "Courses of Learning" (live courses) by the New York State Board for Engineering and Land Surveying and as "Timed & Monitored Courses" by the Ohio State Board for Professional Engineers and Surveyors. Unlike the traditional seminars held in a classroom setting, our webinars deliver live instruction to your home or office. You will be able to interact directly with our instructor during a webinar through audio channel or chat box. However, you must attend the webinar at a scheduled date and time. We will verify your attendance through our online webinar platform. The certificate of completion will not be issued unless you attend the webinar and pass a quiz (all quiz questions will be reviewed during the webinar). Thank you for your cooperation.

Next Scheduled Webinar for PDH Course C658W
Date and Time† Location Registration Deadline
Mon., Sept. 21, 2020, 5:00 PM - 9:50 PM ET
Web*
The webinar starting time.
* A webinar reminder with instruction on how to access our webinar platform will be emailed to you approximately 12 hours before the event.
† Special training arrangement can be made for 4 or more participants as a self-organized group. Please contact us for available training dates.

Note: This course requires users to pay first before viewing the course content.

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NY PE & PLS: You must choose courses that are technical in nature or related to matters of laws and ethics contributing to the health and welfare of the public. NY Board does not accept courses related to office management, risk management, leadership, marketing, accounting, financial planning, real estate, and basic CAD. Specific course topics that are on the borderline and are not acceptable by the NY Board have been noted under the course description on our website.

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