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E437
Voltage Frequencies & Levels Variations and Foreign Electrical Systems

Bijan Ghayour, PE

This course discusses the sensitivity of the electrical systems to voltage levels and frequency variations. The course also provides guidance required to identify the voltage and frequency standards of various foreign countries for both medium and low voltage system. Foreign countries around the world use different electrical standards for voltage and frequency than those of the United States. Some electrical equipment will operate properly at an electrical frequency of either 50 or 60 Hz. Equipment designed for 60 Hz that will not operate properly at 50 Hz is termed “50 Hz sensitive,” and equipment designed for 50 Hz that will not operate properly at 60 Hz is termed “60 Hz sensitive.”

This course also discusses the effects of voltage and frequency variations on the performance of induction motors. Topics such as over and undervolatge, high or low frequency, unbalanced voltage, and single phase operation of the motors is discussed and illustrated

Appendix B covers identification of various low and medium voltage levels, along with the system frequencies, used by countries around the world. Derating factors are discussed and developed for the six generic types of equipment in chapter 3. Appendix C summarizes the derating factors presented in chapter 3 for different voltage and frequency environments.

Appendix A contains a list of publications referenced in this course.

This course includes a multiple-choice quiz at the end, which is designed to enhance the understanding of the course materials.


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NY PE & PLS: You must choose courses that are technical in nature or related to matters of laws and ethics contributing to the health and welfare of the public. NY Board does not accept courses related to office management, risk management, leadership, marketing, accounting, financial planning, real estate, and basic CAD. Specific course topics that are on the borderline and are not acceptable by the NY Board have been noted under the course description on our website.

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